The attack comes two days before Germans vote in a national election on Sunday.
Police said they were investigating an attack at the memorial, a field of 2700 grey concrete slabs near the Brandenburg Gate in the heart of Berlin.
Police spokesman Florian Nath told BZ: "the victim is a male person, with injuries from a stabbing weapon".
"There are no insights into the identity of the man yet. The weapon used in the attack has not been found so far."
The incident happened at around 6pm local time on Friday, police said.
Witnesses reportedly saw a man running away.
The injured man was taken to hospital, police said on X.
Rescue workers are on site caring for several people who witnessed the events.
Investigations are ongoing at the crime scene.
There was no indication yet of motive for the attack.
Newspaper Tagespiegel said the attack had taken place on the northern side of the sprawling Holocaust monument, near the US Embassy.
The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe is a memorial in Berlin to the six million Jews killed in the Holocaust.
The memorial, designed by architect Peter Eisenman, was opened to the public in May 2005.
The incident adds to a string of violent attacks in Germany that have raised concerns over security and stirred up tensions over migration ahead of parliamentary elections on February 23.
Two people were killed in a stabbing in a park in Aschaffenburg in Bavaria in January.
A Saudi doctor was arrested after a car-ramming attack at a Christmas market in the city of Magdeburg on December 20, in which six people were killed and about 200 injured.
with AP and dpa
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